School of Medicine: Recent submissions

  • Characterization and drug susceptibility pattern of Salmonella and Shigella in children below five years: a cross-sectional study conducted in Lodwar, Turkana County, in Northern Kenya 
    Leting, Simion Kipchirchir; Musyoki, Stanslaus Kiilu; Maiyoh, Geoffrey Kattam (Pan african medical journal, 2022-05-09)
    Introduction: Salmonella and Shigella infections are waterborne associated infections globally known to cause serious illnesses in all age groups, but can be more devastating in children below five years. Antimicrobial ...
  • Socioeconomic differences in caesarean section – are they explained by medical need? An analysis of patient record data of a large Kenyan hospital 
    Van der Spek, Lisa; Sanglier, Sterre; Mabeya, Hillary M.; Van den Akker, Thomas; Mertens, Paul L. J. M.; Houweling, Tanja A. J. (BMC, 2020-07-08)
    Background: Caesarean section (C-section) rates are often low among the poor and very high among the better- off in low- and middle-income countries. We examined to what extent these differences are explained by medical need ...
  • Epilepsy management in pregnant HIV+ women in sub-saharan Africa, clinical aspects to consider: a scoping review 
    Menon, Sonia; Benova, Lenka; Mabeya, Hillary (BMC, 2020-11-17)
    Background: Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) related mortality has markedly declined. As HAART is becoming increasingly available, ...
  • Assessment of HIV data reporting performance by facilities during EMR systems implementations in Kenya 
    Ngugi, Philomena N.; Gesicho, Milka B.; Babic, Ankica; Were, Martin C. (IOS Press, 2020)
    There is little evidence that implementations of Electronic Medical Record Systems (EMRs) are associated with better reporting completeness and timeliness of HIV routine data to the national aggregate system. We analyzed ...
  • Primary repair of esophageal perforation: Case report 
    Abila, Akello W.; Nditika, Mburu E.; Kipkemoi, Rono D.; Ondigo, Stephen; Khwa-Otsyula, Barasa O. (Elsevier, 2020-05-11)
    INTRODUCTION: Mortality after esophageal perforation is high irrespective of the treatment modality. The rarity of traumatic esophageal perforations has made it difficult to conduct comprehensive studies that can answer ...
  • Using a mobile application to improve pediatric presumptive TB identification in western Kenya 
    Amisi, James Akiruga (Ingenta, 2021)
    BACKGROUND: Early recognition of TB symptoms in children is critical in order to link children to appropriate testing and treatment. Healthcare workers (HCWs) in high TB burden countries are often overburdened with competing ...
  • Substance use service availability in HIV treatment programs: Data from the global IeDEA consortium, 2014-2015 and 2017 
    Parcesepe, Angela M.; Lancaster, Kathryn; Edelman, E. Jennifer; DeBoni, Raquel; Ross, Jeremy; Atwoli, Lukoye; Tlali, Mpho; Althoff, Keri; Tine, Judicael; Duda, Stephany N.; Wester, C. William; Nash, Denis (PLOS ONE, 2020-08-27)
    Background Substance use is common among people living with HIV and has been associated with suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. Integrating substance use services into HIV care is a promising strategy to improve patient ...
  • Preserving 2 decades of healthcare gains for Africa in the coronavirus disease 2019 era 
    Pastakia, Sonak D.; Braitstein, Paula; Galarraga, Omar; Genberg, Becky; Said, Jamil; Vedanthan, Rajesh; Wachira, Juddy; Hogan, Joseph W. (Wolters Kluwer, 2020-09-03)
    As coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) restrictions upend the community bonds that have enabled African communities to thrive in the face of numerous challenges, it is vital that the gains made in community-based healthcare ...
  • May measurement month 2017: the results of blood pressure screening of 14 845 individuals in Kenya—sub-saharan Africa 
    Ogola, Elijah N.; Barasa, Felix; Barasa, Anders L.; Gitura, Bernard M.; Njunguna, Benson; Beaney, Thomas; Xia, Xin; Poulter, Neil R. (Oxford Academic, 2019-04-24)
    Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide leading to over 10 million deaths each year. Sub- Saharan Africa has the highest age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension. In Kenya, 24.5% of adults have ele- vated ...
  • Predictive modeling for perinatal mortality in resource-limited settings 
    Shukla, Vivek V.; Eggleston, Barry; Ambalavanan, Namasivayam; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Chomba, Elwyn; Bose, Carl; Bauserman, Melissa; Tshefu, Antoinette; Gouda, Shivaprasad S.; Derman, Richard J.; Garcés, Ana; Krebs, Nancy F.; Saleem, Sarah; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Pate, Archana; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Esama, Fabian; Buche, Sherri; Liechty, Edward A.; Koso-Thomas, Marion; Carlo, Waldemar A. (JAMA Network Open, 2020-11-18)
    Importance The overwhelming majority of fetal and neonatal deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Fetal and neonatal risk assessment tools may be useful to predict the risk of death. Objective To develop risk ...
  • Neonatal deaths in infants born weighing ≥ 2500 g in low and middle-income countries 
    Saleem, Sarah; Naqvi, Farnaz; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Nowak, Kayla J.; Tikmani, Shiyam Sunder; Garces, Ana L.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Moore, Janet L.; Nolen, Tracy L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Kumar, Yogesh; Esamai, Fabian; Marete, Irene; Patel, Archana B.; Chomba, Elwyn; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Tshefu, Antoinette; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; Siddiqi, Sameen; Goldenberg, Robert L. (BMC, 2020-11-30)
    Background: Babies born weighing ≥ 2500 g account for more than 80% of the births in most resource‑limited locations and for nearly 50% of the 28‑day neonatal deaths. In contrast, in high‑resource settings, 28‑day ...
  • Lower rates of ART initiation and decreased retention among ART-naïve patients who consume alcohol enrolling in HIV care and treatment programs in Kenya and Uganda 
    Patsis, Ioannis; Goodrich, Suzanne; Yiannoutsos, Constantin T; Brown, Steven A; Diero, Lameck; Musick, Beverly S.; KulzerI, Jayne L.; Bwana, Mwembesa Bosco; Oyaro, Patrick; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara K. (PLOS ONE, 2020-10-23)
    Objectives Almost 13 million people are estimated to be on anti retroviral therapy in Eastern and Southern Africa, and their disease course and program effectiveness could be significantly affected by the concurrent use ...
  • Rates and risk factors for preterm birth and low birthweight in the global network sites in six low- and low middle-income countries 
    Pusdekar, Yamini V.; Patel, Archana B.; Kurhe, Kunal G.; Bhargav, Savita R.; Thorsten, Vanessa; Garces, Ana; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Saleem, Sarah; Esamai, Fabian; Chomba, Elwyn; Bauserman, Melissa; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; Nolen, Tracy L.; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Hibberd, Patricia L. (BMC, 2020-12-17)
    Background: Preterm birth continues to be a major public health problem contributing to 75% of the neonatal mortality worldwide. Low birth weight (LBW) is an important but imperfect surrogate for prematurity when accurate ...
  • Working together to build a better future for children with cancer in Africa 
    Chitsike, Inam; Paintsil, Vivian; Sung, Lillian; Njuguna, Festus; Mavinkurve-Groothuis, Annelies; Kouya, Francine; Hesseling, Peter; Kaspers, Gertjan; Afungchwi, Glenn M; Ilbawi, Andre; Renner, Lorna; Pritchard-Jones, Kathy; Hessissen, Laila; Molyneux, Elizabeth; Chagaluka, George; Israels, Trijn (ASCO, 2020-07-16)
    There has been substantial improvement in survival of children with cancer in high-income countries. How- ever, great challenges remain in low- and middle- income countries, where . 80% of children with cancer live. 1 ...
  • Why are the Pakistani maternal, fetal and newborn outcomes so poor compared to other low and middle-income countries? 
    Aziz, Aleha; Saleem, Sarah; Nolen, Tracy L.; Pradhan, Nousheen Akbe; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Jessani, Saleem; Garces, Ana L.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Moore, Janet L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Dhaded, Sangappa M.; Esamai, Fabian; Tenge, Constance; Pate, Archana B.; Chomba, Elwyn; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Tshefu, Antoinette; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; Siddiqi, Sameen; Goldenberg, Robert L. (BMC, 2020-12-17)
    Background: Pakistan has among the poorest pregnancy outcomes worldwide, signifcantly worse than many other low-resource countries. The reasons for these diferences are not clear. In this study, we compared pregnancy ...
  • Preserving 2 decades of healthcare gains for Africa in the coronavirus disease 2019 era 
    Pastakia, Sonak D.; Braitstein, Paula; Galarraga, Omar; Genberg, Becky; Said, Jamil; Vedanthan, Rajesh; Wachira, Juddy; Hogan, Joseph W. (PubMed Central, 2020-09-03)
    As coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) restrictions upend the community bonds that have enabled African communities to thrive in the face of numerous challenges, it is vital that the gains made in community-based healthcare ...
  • Cesarean birth in the Global Network for women’s and children’s health research: trends in utilization, risk factors, and subgroups with high cesarean birth rates 
    Harrison, Margo S.; Garces, Ana L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Saleem, Sarah; Moore, Janet L.; Esamai, Fabian; Patel, Archana B.; Chomba, Elwyn; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Tshefu, Antoinette; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Goldenberg, Robert L. (BMC, 2020-12-17)
    Background The objectives of this analysis were to document trends in and risk factors associated with the cesarean birth rate in low- and middle-income country sites participating in the Global Network for Women’s and ...
  • The paediatrician workforce and its role in addressing neonatal, child and adolescent healthcare in Kenya 
    English, Mike; Strachan, Brigid; Esamai, Fabian; Ngwiri, Thomas; Warfa, Osman; Mburugu, Patrick; Nalwa, Grace; Gitaka, Jesse; Ngugi, John; Zhao, Yingxi; Ouma, Paul; Were, Fred (BMJ, 2020-06-18)
    Objective To examine the availability of paediatricians in Kenya and plans for their development. Design Review of policies and data from multiple sources combined with local expert insight. setting Kenya with a focus ...
  • Looking beyond the numbers: quality assurance procedures in the Global network for women’s and children’s health research maternal newborn health registry 
    Garces, Ana; MacGuire, Emily; Franklin, Holly L.; Alfaro, Norma; Arroyo, Gustavo; Figueroa, Lester; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Saleem, Sarah; Esamai, Fabian; Patel, Archana; Chomba, Elwyn; Tshefu, Antoinette; Haque, Rashidul; Patterson, Jacquelyn K.; Liechty, Edward A.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Petri, William; Koso‑ThomasMcClure, Marion Elizabeth M.; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Hibberd, Patricia; Krebs, Nancy F. (BMC, 2020-11-30)
    Background: Quality assurance (QA) is a process that should be an integral part of research to protect the rights and safety of study participants and to reduce the likelihood that the results are affected by bias in data ...
  • The relationship between birth intervals and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in six low and lower-middle income countries 
    Bauserman, Melissa; Nowak, Kayla; Nolen, Tracy L.; Patterson, Jackie; Lokangaka, Adrien; Tshefu, Antoinette; Patel, Archana B.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Garces, Ana L.; Figueroa, Lester; Krebs, Nancy F.; Esamai, Fabian; Liechty, Edward A.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Chomba, Elwyn; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Ramadurg, Umesh; Derman, Richard J.; Saleem, Sarah; Jessani, Saleem; Koso-Thomas, Marion; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Bose, Carl (BMC, 2020-11-30)
    Background Due to high fertility rates in some low and lower-middle income countries, the interval between pregnancies can be short, which may lead to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods We analyzed data ...

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