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Background: Increased resistance to pyrethroid based Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) informed
WHO recommendation to deploy Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO) based LLINs. Kenya adopted use of PBO nets
in endemic areas, though coverage is not known. We determined coverage and factors associated with
utilization of PBO nets in a malaria endemic county.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with multi-stage sampling in Matayos Sub-County,
Busia County. Data were collected using questionnaire from June-July 2022. Data was analyzed by Stata
version 16. Universal coverage was dened as ownership of one PBO net for two household members.
Proper utilization was dened as sleeping under a mosquito net the previous night, net usage on all days
of the week, hanging the net adequately. Data was collected on net ownership, access, utilization. Proper
utilization of nets was the dependent variable. We calculated measures of central tendency and
dispersion for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables. Odds ratio with 95%
condence intervals was used to test for association between dependent and independent variables and
variables with a p-value< 0.05 were considered to be statistically signicant.
Results A total of 402 participants were interviewed; mean age was 41.2 years (±16.7 years), 268 (66.7%)
resided in rural areas, 77.9% (313) were female, 71.4% (287) were married, 45% (181) had at least 8 years
of formal education and 86.6% (348) had informal occupations. Among all respondents, 86.3% (347)
had bed nets, 92.8% (322/347) were PBO nets. A total of 64.9% (261) households attained universal
coverage for bed nets. The utilization of PBO treated LLINs was signicantly lower in households with
heads in informal occupations compared to those in formal occupations (aOR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.11-
0.78). Additionally, households without universal coverage for bed nets had signicantly lower odds of
utilizing a PBO-treated LLIN compared to those with universal coverage (aOR = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.01-0.03).
Conclusion: Universal coverage of PBO nets was below the national target (80%). Occupation and
universal coverage were associated with the utilization of PBO nets. We recommend for continuous PBO
nets distribution through additional innovative channels |
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