Abstract:
Informal settlements in developing countries such as Kenya are the least
prepared to deal with COVID-19 pandemic due to lack of basic housing, water
and sanitation, and overcrowding. The risk is magnified for older people in such
an environment due to their advanced age that compromises their immune
system, and the fact that they are more likely to have pre-existing health
conditions which weaken their body’s ability to fight infectious diseases. This
study sought to establish older people’s knowledge levels, perception, and risk
assessment with regard to COVID-19, and adherence to prevention measures. A
cross-sectional survey was conducted among 150 respondents aged 60 years
and above from two selected informal settlements in the city of Nairobi during
the month of August 2020. Primary data were collected using questionnaire and
analyzed using descriptive statistics that involved the use of frequencies, totals
and percentages. Knowledge of dry cough and fever as COVID-19 symptoms
was high, but only 31.5% listed difficulty in breathing. Slightly over half
correctly identified elderly people as being at greatest risk of getting severely
sick from COVID-19. About 60% were aware that they are at risk of contracting
COVID-19. Strong religious belief was the main reason among those who
believed they are not at risk. Wearing face masks and hand-washing using soap
were the main prevention measures adopted. In conclusion, the study revealed
that knowledge about some key symptoms of COVID-19 is still low, and that a
considerable number of older people do not think that elderly people are at
great risk of getting severely sick. Misconception that a strong religious belief
can protect one from contracting the disease is still common among older
people. There is, therefore, need for well-tailored and contextualized awareness
campaigns to reach this high risk group
