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Browsing Research Publications by Author "Obala, Andrew Ambogo"

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Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis population densities and infectivity in Kopere village, Western Kenya

Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Kutima, Helen L.; Nyamogoba, Henry D.N.; Mwangi, Anne W.; Simiyu, Chrispinus J.; Magak, Gideon N.; Khwa-Otsyula, Barasa O.; Ouma, John H. (2012)

Introduction: This study was conducted in a sugar belt region of western Kenya interfacing epidemic and endemic malaria transmission. We investigated Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (ss) and Anopheles arabiensis species ...
Antimicrobial activity of 2, 5-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone from Embelia schimperi

Awino, Ooko Selline; Kiprono, Paul Chepkwony; Keronei, Kipkemboi Pius; Kaberia, Festus; Obala, Andrew Ambogo (Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, 2008)

Chromatographic separation of an ethyl acetate extract from Embelia schimperi led to the isolation of a new compound identified as 2,5-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (1) on the basis of spectroscopic and physical ...
Childhood immunisation in Bungoma County, Kenya, from 2008 to 2011: need for improved uptake

Mbuthia, G. W.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Nyamogoba, H. D. N.; Simiyu, C.; Otsyla, B. K. (International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2014)

Uptake of immunisations in children aged 1–2 years in Bungoma County, Kenya, was determined as part of the 6-monthly Health and Demographic Surveillance Sys-tem surveys. A total of 2699 children were assessed ...
Combating cholera epidemics by targeting reservoirs of infection and transmission routes: a review

Nyamogoba, HDN; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Kakai, R. (2002)

Objectives: To determine the parameters which can be investigated for prevention and effective control of cholera. Data sources: Literature search on compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), medline and internet, using the ...
Direct estimation of sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum rapid diagnostic test for active case detection in a high-transmission community setting

Taylor, Steve M.; Sumner, Kelsey M.; Freedman, Betsy; Mangeni, Judith N.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; O’Meara, Wendy Prudhomme (The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2019)

Community-based active case detection of malaria parasites with conventional rapid diagnostic tests (cRDTs)is a strategy used most commonly in low-transmission settings. We estimated the sensitivity of this approach in a ...
Dynamic malaria hotspots in an open cohort in western Kenya

Platt, Alyssa; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; MacIntyre, Charlie; Khwa-Otsyula, Barasa; O’Meara, Wendy Prudhomme (Nature publishing group, 2018)

Malaria hotspots, defined as areas where transmission intensity exceeds the average level, become more pronounced as transmission declines. Targeting hotspots may accelerate reductions in transmission and could be pivotal ...
Effects of derivitization on antimicrobial activity of Embelin isolated from Embelia schimperi berries

Ngari, Ann Gathigia; Kiprono, Paul Chepkwony; Kipkemboi, Pius Keronei; Obala, Andrew Ambogo (2014)

Chromatographic separation of ethyl acetate extract from Embelia schimperi berries led to isolation of embelin 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl- 1,4-benzoquinone(1). Embelin was identified on the basis of physical and spectroscopic ...
Expanding access to malaria diagnosis through retail shops in western Kenya: what do shop workers think?

Rusk, Andria; Goodman, Catherine; Naanyu, Violet; Koech, Beatrice; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; O’Meara, Wendy Prudhomme (Hindawi, 2013)

Background. The common symptoms of malaria reduce the specificity of clinical diagnosis. Presumptive treatment is conventional but can lead to overdiagnosis of malaria, delay of appropriate treatment, overprescription of ...
Genotyping cognate Plasmodium falciparum in humans and mosquitoes to estimate onward transmission of asymptomatic infections

Sumner, Kelsey M.; Freedman, Elizabeth; Abel, Lucy; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Pence, Brian W. (Nature publishing group, 2021)

Malaria control may be enhanced by targeting reservoirs of Plasmodium falciparum transmission. One putative reservoir is asymptomatic malaria infections and the scale of their contribution to transmission in natural settings ...
Geographically-weighted regression of knowledge and behaviour determinants to anti-malarial recommending and dispensing practice among medicine retailers in western Kenya …

Rusk, Andria; Highfield, Linda; Wilkerson, Michael J.; Harrell, Melissa; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Amick, Benjamin (BioMed Central, 2016)

Background:Most patients with malaria seek treatment first in retail drug shops. Myriad studies have examined retailer behaviours and characteristics to understand the determinants to these behaviours. Geospatial methods ...
A high rate of recurrent tuberculosis in western Kenya independent of human immunodeficiency virus infection

Nyamogoba, H.D.N.; Kikuvi, G.; Mbuthia, G.; Mpoke, S.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Biegon, R.; Waiyak, P.G. (African journal of health sciences, 2012)

Background: Previous studies have shown that recurrent TB develops in about 2-5% of the patients after curative treatment with short-course anti-TB chemotherapy. With the advent of HIV/AIDS, the rate TB recurrence is ...
High-resolution micro-epidemiology of parasitespatial and temporal dynamics in a high malariatransmission setting in Kenya

Nelson, Cody S.; Sumner, Kelsey M.; Freedman, Elizabeth; Saelens, Joseph W.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Mangeni, Judith N. (Nature publishing group, 2019)

Novel interventions that leverage the heterogeneity of parasite transmission are needed to achieve malaria elimination. To better understand spatial and temporal dynamics of trans-mission, we applied amplicon next-generation ...
Malaria parasitaemia among febrile children infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the context of prophylactic cotrimoxazole as standard of care: a cross- sectional survey in Western Kenya

Marete, I.K.; Mutugi, M.; Lagat, Z.; Simba, J.; Mwangi, A.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Esamai, Fabian (East African medical journal, 2014)

Objective: To document the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among the HIV infected febrile children in a malaria endemic area. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: An ambulatory paediatric HIV clinic in Western ...
Misdiagnosis and clinical significance of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in Western Kenya in the era of human immunodeficiency virus epidemic

Nyamogoba, H. D. N.; Mbuthia, G.; Kikuvi, G.; Mpoke, S.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Obel, M. (AJOL, 2011)

Objectives: To determine and document the role of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in TB-like disease morbidity and demonstrate the confusion they cause in the diagnosis of TB in western Kenya. Design: A cross-sectional ...
Patient costs of diabetes mellitus care in public health care facilities in Kenya

Oyando, Robinson; Njoroge, Martin; Nguhiu, Peter; Sigilai, Antipa; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Munge, Kenneth; Etyang, Anthony; Barasa, Edwine (The International journal of health planning and management, 2020)

Objective To estimate the direct and indirect costs of diabetes mellitus care at five public health facilities in Kenya. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in two counties where diabetes patients aged 18 ...
Prevalence and Anti-Microbial Susceptibility of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital Eldoret

Akoru, Christine; Kuremu, Robert T.; Ndege, Samson K.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Smith, James W.; Bartlett, Marilyn (Scientific Research Publishing, 2015)

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are pathogens that have major negative impact in all aspects of patient care and are increasingly being recognized as trouble-some ...
The prevalence and density of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections among children and adults in three communities of western Kenya

Salgado, Christina; Ayodo, George; Odhiambo, Eliud O.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2021)

Background Further reductions in malaria incidence as more countries approach malaria elimination require the identification and treatment of asymptomatic individuals who carry mosquito-infective Plasmodium gametocytes ...
A randomized open label clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous quinine followed by oral malarone vs. intravenous quinine followed by oral quinine in

Esamai, Fabian; Tenge, C. N.; Ayuo, Paul O.; Ong'or, W. Owino; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Jakait, Beatrice (Oxford university press, 2005)

The treatment of patients with severe malaria in sub-Saharan Africa has become a challenge to clinicians due to poor compliance to quinine and the increasing multidrug resistance to antimalarials by the P. falciparum ...
Spatial distribution and cluster analysis of retail drug shop characteristics and antimalarial behaviors as reported by private medicine retailers in western Kenya: informing

Rusk, Andria; Highfield, Linda; Wilkerson, Michael J.; Harrell, Melissa; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Amick, Benjamin (BioMed Central, 2016)

Background:Efforts to improve malaria case management in sub-Saharan Africa have shifted focus to private anti-malarial retailers to increase access to appropriate treatment. Demands to decrease intervention cost while ...
Utilization of laboratory services in management of febrile children at a referral hospital in Kenya: a clinicians’ view

Marete, I.K; Osiemo-Lagat, Z.; Simba, J.M.; Obala, Andrew Ambogo; Murithi, G.M; Chumba, J.C.; Mutugi, M. (2012)

Problem Statement: Fever is the commonest manifestation of many paediatric infections present in many health facilities in sub-Saharan Africa. The use of laboratory diagnostic services is critical to support diagnosis and ...

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