School of Medicine: Recent submissions

  • Preserving 2 decades of healthcare gains for Africa in the coronavirus disease 2019 era 
    Pastakia, Sonak D.; Braitstein, Paula; Galarraga, Omar; Genberg, Becky; Said, Jamil; Vedanthan, Rajesh; Wachira, Juddy; Hogan, Joseph W. (Wolters Kluwer, 2020-09-03)
    As coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) restrictions upend the community bonds that have enabled African communities to thrive in the face of numerous challenges, it is vital that the gains made in community-based healthcare ...
  • May measurement month 2017: the results of blood pressure screening of 14 845 individuals in Kenya—sub-saharan Africa 
    Ogola, Elijah N.; Barasa, Felix; Barasa, Anders L.; Gitura, Bernard M.; Njunguna, Benson; Beaney, Thomas; Xia, Xin; Poulter, Neil R. (Oxford Academic, 2019-04-24)
    Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide leading to over 10 million deaths each year. Sub- Saharan Africa has the highest age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension. In Kenya, 24.5% of adults have ele- vated ...
  • Predictive modeling for perinatal mortality in resource-limited settings 
    Shukla, Vivek V.; Eggleston, Barry; Ambalavanan, Namasivayam; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Chomba, Elwyn; Bose, Carl; Bauserman, Melissa; Tshefu, Antoinette; Gouda, Shivaprasad S.; Derman, Richard J.; Garcés, Ana; Krebs, Nancy F.; Saleem, Sarah; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Pate, Archana; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Esama, Fabian; Buche, Sherri; Liechty, Edward A.; Koso-Thomas, Marion; Carlo, Waldemar A. (JAMA Network Open, 2020-11-18)
    Importance The overwhelming majority of fetal and neonatal deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Fetal and neonatal risk assessment tools may be useful to predict the risk of death. Objective To develop risk ...
  • Neonatal deaths in infants born weighing ≥ 2500 g in low and middle-income countries 
    Saleem, Sarah; Naqvi, Farnaz; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Nowak, Kayla J.; Tikmani, Shiyam Sunder; Garces, Ana L.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Moore, Janet L.; Nolen, Tracy L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Kumar, Yogesh; Esamai, Fabian; Marete, Irene; Patel, Archana B.; Chomba, Elwyn; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Tshefu, Antoinette; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; Siddiqi, Sameen; Goldenberg, Robert L. (BMC, 2020-11-30)
    Background: Babies born weighing ≥ 2500 g account for more than 80% of the births in most resource‑limited locations and for nearly 50% of the 28‑day neonatal deaths. In contrast, in high‑resource settings, 28‑day ...
  • Lower rates of ART initiation and decreased retention among ART-naïve patients who consume alcohol enrolling in HIV care and treatment programs in Kenya and Uganda 
    Patsis, Ioannis; Goodrich, Suzanne; Yiannoutsos, Constantin T; Brown, Steven A; Diero, Lameck; Musick, Beverly S.; KulzerI, Jayne L.; Bwana, Mwembesa Bosco; Oyaro, Patrick; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara K. (PLOS ONE, 2020-10-23)
    Objectives Almost 13 million people are estimated to be on anti retroviral therapy in Eastern and Southern Africa, and their disease course and program effectiveness could be significantly affected by the concurrent use ...
  • Rates and risk factors for preterm birth and low birthweight in the global network sites in six low- and low middle-income countries 
    Pusdekar, Yamini V.; Patel, Archana B.; Kurhe, Kunal G.; Bhargav, Savita R.; Thorsten, Vanessa; Garces, Ana; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Saleem, Sarah; Esamai, Fabian; Chomba, Elwyn; Bauserman, Melissa; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; Nolen, Tracy L.; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Hibberd, Patricia L. (BMC, 2020-12-17)
    Background: Preterm birth continues to be a major public health problem contributing to 75% of the neonatal mortality worldwide. Low birth weight (LBW) is an important but imperfect surrogate for prematurity when accurate ...
  • Working together to build a better future for children with cancer in Africa 
    Chitsike, Inam; Paintsil, Vivian; Sung, Lillian; Njuguna, Festus; Mavinkurve-Groothuis, Annelies; Kouya, Francine; Hesseling, Peter; Kaspers, Gertjan; Afungchwi, Glenn M; Ilbawi, Andre; Renner, Lorna; Pritchard-Jones, Kathy; Hessissen, Laila; Molyneux, Elizabeth; Chagaluka, George; Israels, Trijn (ASCO, 2020-07-16)
    There has been substantial improvement in survival of children with cancer in high-income countries. How- ever, great challenges remain in low- and middle- income countries, where . 80% of children with cancer live. 1 ...
  • Why are the Pakistani maternal, fetal and newborn outcomes so poor compared to other low and middle-income countries? 
    Aziz, Aleha; Saleem, Sarah; Nolen, Tracy L.; Pradhan, Nousheen Akbe; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Jessani, Saleem; Garces, Ana L.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Moore, Janet L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Dhaded, Sangappa M.; Esamai, Fabian; Tenge, Constance; Pate, Archana B.; Chomba, Elwyn; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Tshefu, Antoinette; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; Siddiqi, Sameen; Goldenberg, Robert L. (BMC, 2020-12-17)
    Background: Pakistan has among the poorest pregnancy outcomes worldwide, signifcantly worse than many other low-resource countries. The reasons for these diferences are not clear. In this study, we compared pregnancy ...
  • Preserving 2 decades of healthcare gains for Africa in the coronavirus disease 2019 era 
    Pastakia, Sonak D.; Braitstein, Paula; Galarraga, Omar; Genberg, Becky; Said, Jamil; Vedanthan, Rajesh; Wachira, Juddy; Hogan, Joseph W. (PubMed Central, 2020-09-03)
    As coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) restrictions upend the community bonds that have enabled African communities to thrive in the face of numerous challenges, it is vital that the gains made in community-based healthcare ...
  • Cesarean birth in the Global Network for women’s and children’s health research: trends in utilization, risk factors, and subgroups with high cesarean birth rates 
    Harrison, Margo S.; Garces, Ana L.; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Saleem, Sarah; Moore, Janet L.; Esamai, Fabian; Patel, Archana B.; Chomba, Elwyn; Bose, Carl L.; Liechty, Edward A.; Krebs, Nancy F.; Derman, Richard J.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Tshefu, Antoinette; Koso‑Thomas, Marion; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Goldenberg, Robert L. (BMC, 2020-12-17)
    Background The objectives of this analysis were to document trends in and risk factors associated with the cesarean birth rate in low- and middle-income country sites participating in the Global Network for Women’s and ...
  • The paediatrician workforce and its role in addressing neonatal, child and adolescent healthcare in Kenya 
    English, Mike; Strachan, Brigid; Esamai, Fabian; Ngwiri, Thomas; Warfa, Osman; Mburugu, Patrick; Nalwa, Grace; Gitaka, Jesse; Ngugi, John; Zhao, Yingxi; Ouma, Paul; Were, Fred (BMJ, 2020-06-18)
    Objective To examine the availability of paediatricians in Kenya and plans for their development. Design Review of policies and data from multiple sources combined with local expert insight. setting Kenya with a focus ...
  • Looking beyond the numbers: quality assurance procedures in the Global network for women’s and children’s health research maternal newborn health registry 
    Garces, Ana; MacGuire, Emily; Franklin, Holly L.; Alfaro, Norma; Arroyo, Gustavo; Figueroa, Lester; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Saleem, Sarah; Esamai, Fabian; Patel, Archana; Chomba, Elwyn; Tshefu, Antoinette; Haque, Rashidul; Patterson, Jacquelyn K.; Liechty, Edward A.; Derman, Richard J.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Petri, William; Koso‑ThomasMcClure, Marion Elizabeth M.; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Hibberd, Patricia; Krebs, Nancy F. (BMC, 2020-11-30)
    Background: Quality assurance (QA) is a process that should be an integral part of research to protect the rights and safety of study participants and to reduce the likelihood that the results are affected by bias in data ...
  • The relationship between birth intervals and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in six low and lower-middle income countries 
    Bauserman, Melissa; Nowak, Kayla; Nolen, Tracy L.; Patterson, Jackie; Lokangaka, Adrien; Tshefu, Antoinette; Patel, Archana B.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Garces, Ana L.; Figueroa, Lester; Krebs, Nancy F.; Esamai, Fabian; Liechty, Edward A.; Carlo, Waldemar A.; Chomba, Elwyn; Mwenechanya, Musaku; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Ramadurg, Umesh; Derman, Richard J.; Saleem, Sarah; Jessani, Saleem; Koso-Thomas, Marion; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Goldenberg, Robert L.; Bose, Carl (BMC, 2020-11-30)
    Background Due to high fertility rates in some low and lower-middle income countries, the interval between pregnancies can be short, which may lead to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods We analyzed data ...
  • Subsidise the test, the treatment or both? Results of an individually randomised controlled trial of the management of suspected malaria fevers in the retail sector in western Kenya 
    Saran, Indrani; Laktabai, Jeremiah; Zhou, Yunji; Simmons, Ryan A; Turner, Elizabeth L; Visser, Theodoor; O'Meara, Wendy (BMJ, 2020-10-08)
    Introduction In many malaria-endemic countries, the private retail sector is a major source of antimalarial drugs. However, the rarity of malaria diagnostic testing in the retail sector leads to overuse of the ...
  • Evaluating performance of health care facilities at meeting HIV-indicator reporting requirements in Kenya: an application of K-means clustering algorithm 
    Gesicho, Milka Bochere; Were, Martin Chieng; Babic, Ankica (BMC, 2021-01-06)
    Background: The ability to report complete, accurate and timely data by HIV care providers and other entities is a key aspect in monitoring trends in HIV prevention, treatment and care, hence contributing to its eradication. ...
  • Group medical visit and microfinance intervention for patients with diabetes or hypertension in Kenya 
    Vedanthan, Rajesh; Kamano, Jemima H.; Chrysanthopoulou, Stavroula A.; Mugo, Richard; Andama, Benjamin; Bloomfield, Gerald S.; Chesoli, Cleophas W.; DeLong, Allison K.; Edelman, David; Finkelstein, Eric A.; Horowitz, Carol R.; Manyara, Simon; Menya, Diana; Naanyu, Violet; Orango, Vitalis; Pastakia, Sonak D.; Valente, Thomas W.; Hogan, Joseph W.; Fuster, Valentin (Elsevier, 2021-04-27)
    BACKGROUNDIncorporating social determinants of health into care delivery for chronic diseases is a priority.OBJECTIVESThe goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of group medical visits and/or microfinance on ...
  • Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease and other cardiac conditions in low-risk pregnancies in Kenya: A prospective echocardiography screening study 
    Snelgrove, John W.; Alera, Joy Marsha; Foster, Michael C.; Bett, Kipchumba C. N.; Bloomfield, Gerald S.; Silversides, Candice K.; Barasa, Felix A.; Christoffersen-Deb, Astrid; Millar, Heather C.; Thorne, Julie G.; Spitzer, Rachel F.; Vedanthan, Rajesh; Okun, Nanette (PMC, 2021-02-09)
    Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in sub-Saharan Africa contributes to significant cardiac morbidity and mortality, yet prevalence estimates of RHD lesions in pregnancy are lacking. Objectives: Our first aim was ...
  • Impact of a community-based medication delivery program for antihypertensive medications on adherence and blood pressure reduction 
    Amisi, James Akiruga; Namae, Jane; Laktabai, Jeremiah (ESC Congress, 2021-10)
    Background Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the leading risk of death globally, and its burden continues to rise, disproportionately so in low- and middle-income countries. Non-adherence to antihypertensive medications is ...
  • Sex differences in health status, healthcare utilization, and costs among individuals with elevated blood pressure: the LARK study from Western Kenya 
    Sikka, Neha; DeLong, Allison; Kamano, Jemima; Kimaiyo, Sylvester; Orango, Vitalis; Andesia, Josephine; Fuster, Valentin; Hogan, Joseph; Vedanthan, Rajesh (BMC, 2021-05-19)
    Background: Elevated blood pressure is the leading risk factor for global mortality. While it is known that there exist differences between men and women with respect to socioeconomic status, self-reported health, and ...
  • The relationship between household microfinance group participation and vaccine adherence among Children in Rural Western Kenya 
    Deyoe, Jessica E.; Amisi, James Akiruga; Namae, Jane; Genberg, Becky; Laktabai, Jeremiah (Springer, 2021-08)
    High childhood vaccine adherence is critical for disease prevention, and poverty is a key barrier to vaccine uptake. Interventions like microfinance programs that aim to lift individuals out of poverty could thus improve ...

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