School of Medicine: Recent submissions

Now showing items 581-600 of 2399

Adapting ethical guidelines for adolescent health research to street-connected children and youth in low- and middle- income countries: a case study from western Kenya

Embleton, L.; A. Ott, M.; Naanyu, V.; Kamanda, A.; Makori, D; Ayuku, D.; Braitstein, P. (BMC Medical Ethics, 2015-12-18)

Background: Street-connected children and youth (SCCY) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) have multiple vulnerabilities in relation to participation in research. These require additional considerations that ...
The experiences of researchers on application of the principle of justice In HIV research At MTRH AMPATH - ELDORET

Eyinda, Johnstone Milimo; Naanyu, Violet; Kamaara, Eunice (Exclusive journal publishing house, 2018-08)

Background: There is need to apply ethical principle of justice during research. Justice is doing what is morally right and proper treatment of persons. It is not easy to maintain justice in research in limited resource ...
“If the mother does not know, there is no way she can tell the adolescent to go for drugs”: Challenges in promoting health and preventing transmission among pregnant and parenting...

Lusenoa, Winnie K.; Iritani, Bonita J.; Maman, Suzanne; Mbai, Isabella; Ongili, Barrack; Otieno, Florence Anyango; Hallfors, Denise Dion (Elsevier, 2019)

Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) who are pregnant, or parenting, are an important but understudied group. This study explores the challenges in promoting the health of these adolescents and preventing onward transmission. ...
Global associations of key populations with HIV-1 recombinants: a systematic review, global survey, and individual participant data meta-analysis

Nchinda, Nkazi; Elangovan, Ramyiadarsini; Yun, Jason; Dickson-Tetteh, Leslie; Kirtley, Shona; Hemelaar, Joris (2023)

Introduction: Global HIV infections due to HIV-1 recombinants are increasing and impede prevention and treatment efforts. Key populations suffer most new HIV infections, but their role in the spread of HIV-1 recombinants ...
Malaria in pregnancy: key points for the neonatologist

Rent, Sharla; Bauserman, Melissa; Laktabai, Jeremiah; Tshefu, Antoinette K; Steve, M. Taylor (2023)

In malaria-endemic regions, infection with the malaria parasite Plasmodium during pregnancy has been identified as a key modifiable factor in preterm birth, the delivery of low-birthweight infants, and stillbirth. Compared ...
Patient loyalty to HIV care in an HIV facility in Eldoret, Kenya: A mediated mediation [version 1; peer review: 2 approved with reservations].

Cherop, Felishana; Korir, Michael; Bagire, Vincent; Wachira, Juddy (Open research Africa, 2011-12-22)

Patient loyalty is the continuous commitment and engagement in care where patients can improve and sustain quality of life through continuous use of medical care. Identifying strengths and weaknesses in providing excellent ...
Burkitt lymphoma risk shows geographic and temporal associations with plasmodium falciaparum infections in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya

Mang'are, Philip A.; Makatiani, Jacqueline K.; Rotich, Samwel (PubMed, 2023-01)

Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is a pediatric cancer coendemic with malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting an etiological link between them. However, previous cross-sectional studies of limited geographic areas have not ...
The contribution of smoking and smokeless tobacco to oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in the African oesophageal cancer corridor: Results from the ESCCAPE multicentre case-control studies

Simba, Hannah; Menya, Diana; Mmbaga, Blandina T.; Dzamalala, Charles; Finch, Peter; Mlombe, Yohannie; Mremi, Alex; Narh, Clement T.; Schüz, Joachim; McCormack, Valerie (Wiley, 2023)

Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) but the extent of its contribution to the disease burden in the African oesophageal cancer corridor has not been comprehensively ...
Promoting patient-centered care within HIV care settings in sub-Saharan Africa

Wachira, Juddy; Genberg, Becky L; Wilson, Ira B (PubMed, 2022)

Purpose of review: Patient centered care (PCC) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) may improve outcomes for persons with HIV (PWH). We review the progress the region has made in ...
Telehospice for cancer patients discharged from a tertiary care hospital in western Kenya

Chilot, Dagmawi; Belay, Daniel Gashaneh; Shitu, Kegnie; Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw; Getnet, Mihret; Mulat, Bezawit; Atalay, Goshu Muluneh; Merid, Mehari Woldemariam; Bitew, Desalegn Anmut; Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke (BMC, 2020)

Background: Although a safe and efective vaccine is available, measles remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity among young children in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The WHO and UNICEF recommended measles ...
Association of plasma afatoxin with persistent detection of oncogenic human papillomaviruses in cervical samples from Kenyan women enrolled in a longitudinal study

Yan, Tong; Tonui, Philip; Orang’o, Omenge; Zhang, Jianjun; Maina, Titus; Muthoka, Kapten; Groopman, John; Smith, Joshua; Madeen, Erin; Ermel, Aaron; Loehrer, Patrick; Brown, Darron R. (BMC, 2023)

Background Cervical cancer is caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV) and is common among Kenyan women. Identification of factors that increase HR-HPV persistence is critically important. Kenyan women exposed ...
Patient perceptions of facilitators and barrier to reducing harzadous alcohol use among people living with HIV in east Africa

Mburu, Margaret; Obatsa, Sarah; Cheruiyot, Julius; Kiprono, Lorna; Kwobah, Edith Kamaru; Apaka, Cosmas; Koros, Hillary; Muyindike, Winnie; Diero, Lameck; Aluda, Maurice; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara; Goodrich, Suzanne (BMC, 2023)

Background Hazardous alcohol use among people living with HIV is associated with poor outcomes and increased morbidity and mortality. Understanding the hazardous drinking experiences of people living with HIV is needed ...
Implementation of a Global Health Equity fellowship established in partnership between an academic institution and governmental agency

Karwa, Rakhi; Ellen, Schellhase; Malati, Christine Y.; Sonak, Pastakia (JACCP, 2022)

Health disparities exist globally in high-income and low- and middle-income countries. They are driven by social determinants of health (SDOH). While a role for pharmacists in addressing SDOH exists, a lack of structured ...
Improvement of diagnosis in children with Burkitt lymphoma in Kenya: feasibility study for the implementation of fluorescence in situ hybridisation testing for MYC and the MYC/IGH translocation

Njuguna, Festus; Vance, Gail H; Lotodo, Teresa; Kigen, Nicholas; Stohler, Ryan; Choi, Haki; Moormann, Ann M; Kirwa, Erastus; Langat, Sandra; Loehrer, Patrick; Vik, Terry (Lecancermedicalscience, 2023)

Background: Indiana University (IU) initiated fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) methodology for Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) to advance the accuracy and speed of diagnosis in the AMPATH Reference Laboratory at Moi ...
Examining maternal morbidity across a spectrum of delivery locations: An analysis of the Global Network's Maternal and Neonatal Health Registry

Lokangaka, Adrien; Saleem, Sarah; Chomba, Elwyn (Wiley, 2022-06)

Objective: To better understand maternal morbidity, using quality data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including out-of- hospital deliveries. Additionally, to compare to the WHO estimate that maternal ...
Effect of 3, 2-Drug Combinations of Antihypertensive Therapies on Blood Pressure Variability in Black African Patients: Secondary Analyses of the CREOLE Trial

Barasa, Felix (Hypertension, 2022-11)

BACKGROUND: The effect of 3 commonly recommended combinations of anti-hypertensive agents—amlodipine plus hydrochlorothiazide (calcium channel blocker [CCB]+thiazide), amlodipine plus perindopril (CCB+ACE [angiotensin ...
Family strengthening in the context of COVID-19: Adapting a community- based intervention from Kenya on the united states

Ayuku, David (PubMed, 2022-08)

COVID-19 led to widespread disruption of services that promote family well-being. Families impacted most were those already experiencing disparities due to structural and systemic barriers. Existing support systems faded ...
Continuity of Care is Associated with Higher Appointment Adherence Among HIV Patients in Low Clinician-to-Patient Ratio Facilities in Western Kenya

Wachira, Juddy; Mwangi, Ann; Genberg, Becky; Ngeresa, Anthony; Omar, Galárraga; Kimayo, Sylvester; Dick, Jonathan; Braitstein, Paula; Ira, Wilson; Hogan, Joseph (PubMed, 2022-11)

We sought to determine the relationship between continuity of care and adherence to clinic appointments among patients receiving HIV care in high vs. low clinician-to-patient (C:P) ratios facilities in western Kenya. This ...
Same-day antiretroviral therapy (ART) Initiation as a predictor of Loss to follow-up and viral suppression among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Sub-saharan Africa.

Diero, Lameck; Fatti, Geoffrey; Yiannoutsos, Constantin T (Springer, 2022-09)

Background: Treat-All guidelines recommend initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people with HIV (PWH) on the day of diagnosis when possible, yet uncertainty exists about the impact of same-day ART initiation ...
Factor structure and item response of psychosis symptoms among Kenyan adults

Atwoli, Lukoye; Jaguga, Florence; . Kariuki, Symon M; Kwobah, Edith Kamaru (Elsevier, 2022-08)

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the construct validity of the psychosis module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview version 7.0.2 (MINI-7). Method We utilized data collected from 2738 ...

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