School of Medicine: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1761-1780 of 2401

Postpartum contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning in five low-income countries

Pasha, Omrana; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Patel, Archana; Garces, Ana; Esamai, Fabian; Chomba, Elwyn; Moore, Janet L.; Kodkany, Bhalchandra S.; Saleem, Sarah; Derman, Richard J.; Koso-Thomas, Marion; Goldenberg, Robert L. (Springer, 2015)

Background: During the post-partum period, most women wish to delay or prevent future pregnancies. Despite this, the unmet need for family planning up to a year after delivery is higher than at any other time. This ...
Improving diabetes management and cardiovascular risk factors through peer-led self-management support groups in Western Kenya

Park, Paul H.; Wambui, Charity K.; Atieno, Sabina; Egger, Joseph R.; Misoi, Lawrence; Nyabundi, Jack S.; Pastakia, Sonak D.; Bloomfield, Gerald S.; Kamano, Jemima H. (American Diabetes Association, 2015)

In sub-Saharan Africa, projections anticipate a 110% rise in the number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) from 19.8 million to 41.5 million by 2035 (1). This growth is attributed primarily to the multiple downstream ...
Integrating tuberculosis and HIV services in rural Kenya: uptake and outcomes

Owiti, P.; Zachariah, R.; Bissell, K.; Kumar, A. M. V.; Diero, L.; Carter, E. J.; Gardner, A. (International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2015)

Setting: Seventeen rural public health facilities in Western Kenya that introduced three models of integrated care for tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Objective: To assess the uptake and ...
Lab on Paper: Iodometric Titration on a Printed Card

Myers, Nicholas M.; Kernisan, Emalee N.; Lieberman, Marya (ACS publication, 2015)

A paper test card has been engineered to perform an iodometric titration, an application that requires storage and mixing on demand of several mutually incompatible reagents. The titration is activated when a user applies ...
Global network for women’s and children’s health research: a system for low-resource areas to determine probable causes of stillbirth, neonatal, and maternal death

Bose, Carl L.; Garces, Ana; Esamai, Fabian; Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Patel, Archana; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Chomba, Elwyn; Pasha, Omrana; Tshefu, Antoinette; Kodkany, Bhalchandra S.; Saleem, Sarah (Springer, 2015)

Background: Determining cause of death is needed to develop strategies to reduce maternal death, stillbirth, and newborn death, especially for low-resource settings where 98% of deaths occur. Most existing classification ...
Data quality monitoring and performance metrics of a prospective, population-based observational study of maternal and newborn health in low resource settings

Goudar, Shivaprasad S.; Stolka, Kristen B.; Koso-Thomas, Marion; Esamai, Fabian; Chomba, Elwyn; Garces, Ana; Althabe, Fernando; Carlo, Weldemar A.; Goldenberg, Robert L. (Springer, 2015)

Background To describe quantitative data quality monitoring and performance metrics adopted by the Global Network’s (GN) Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR), a maternal and perinatal population-based registry (MPPBR) ...
Linkage to and engagement in HIV care in western Kenya: an observational study using population-based estimates from home-based counselling and testing

Genberg, Becky L.; Naanyu, Violet; Wachira, Juddy; Hogan, Joseph W.; Sang, Edwin; Nyambura, Monicah; Odawa, Michael; Duefield, Corey; Ndege, Samson; Braitstein, Paula (Elsevier, 2015)

Few population-based studies exist on the HIV care continuum in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to describe engagement in care in all adults with an existing diagnosis of HIV and to assess the time to and predictors of linkage ...
Use of visual inspection with acetic acid, Pap smear, or high-risk human papillomavirus testing in women living with HIV/AIDS for posttreatment cervical cancer screening: same tests, different priorities

Omenge Orang’o, Elkanah; Christoffersen-Deb, Astrid; Itsura, Peter; Oguda, John; Washington, Sierra; Chumba, David; Cu-Uvin g, Susan; F. Rositch h, Anne (medical publication, 2017)

Objectives: Few studies have addressed optimal follow-up for HIV-infected women after cervical treatment. This study aimed to compare performance of three available tests to detect posttreatment cervical disease in ...
HIV dynamics and natural history studies: Joint modeling with doubly interval-censored event time and infrequent longitudinal data

Li Su; Hogan, Joseph W (Ampath, 2011-05)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection has become one of the most challenging clinical situations to manage in HIV-infected patients. Recently the effect of HCV coinfection on HIV dynamics following initiation of highly active ...
Helping Babies Breathe: global neonatal resuscitation program development and formative educational evaluation

Singhal, Nalini; Lockyer, Jocelyn; Herta, Fidler; Keenan, William; Niermeyer, Susan (Ampath, 2011-07)

Objectives: To develop an educational program designed to train health care providers in resource limited settings to carry out neonatal resuscitation. We analyzed facilitator and learner perceptions about the course, ...
Spatial distribution of Bednet coverage under routine distribution through the Public Health Sector in a Rural District in Kenya

Meara, Wendy Prudhomme O; Smith, Nathan; Ekal, Emmanuel; Cole, Donald; Ndege, Samson (Ampath, 2011-10)

Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are one of the most important and cost-effective tools for malaria control. Maximizing individual and community benefit from ITNs requires high population-based coverage. Several mechanisms ...
The evolution of diabetes care in the rural, resource constrained setting of Western Kenya

Pastakia, Sonak D; Karwa, Rakhi; Kahn, Charles B; Nyabundi, Jak S (Ampath, 2011-05)

The initial focused effort on addressing the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa has helped set the groundwork for addressing many of the other areas of the health-care system requiring support in resource-constrained ...
Treatment outcomes of a stage 1 cognitive-behavioral trial to reduce alcohol use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected out-patients in western Kenya

Papas, Rebecca K; Sidle, John E; Gakinya, Benson N; Baliddawa, Joyce B; Martino, Steve; Kamanda, Allan M (Ampath, 2011-08)

Aims Dual epidemics of HIV and alcohol use disorders, and a dearth of professional resources for behavioral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, suggest the need for development of culturally relevant and feasible interventions. ...
Rooting Inquiry in Tradition: The Health Baraza as a Tool for Social Research in Kenya

Naanyu, Violet; Sidle, John E.; Frankel, Richard M.; Ayuku, David; Nyandiko, Winstone M.; Inui, Thomas S (Ampath, 2011)

The baraza is a customary form of community assembly in East Africa. We examined the use of the health baraza as a process that can improve data collection and deepen community understanding of sociocultural issues surrounding ...
Performance of the Focus HerpeSelect-2 EIA for the detection of herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies in seven African countries

Mujugira, Andrew; Morrow, Rhoda Ashley; Celum, Connie; Lingappa, Jairam; Mugo, Nelly (Ampath, 2011-02)

Objective To compare the performance of the Focus HerpeSelect-2 enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to the gold standard HSV-2 Western blot, among HIV-1 uninfected men and women in East and Southern Africa. Methods 3399 HIV-1 ...
Morbidity and mortality in HIV - infected children admitted at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya

Nyandiko, W; Mwangi, AW; Sang, E; Vreeman, R; Marete, I; Nabakwe, E; Tenge, C; Gisore, P; Songok, J; Kiplagat, J; Walumbe, E; Ayaya, S (Ampath, 2011)

Background: HIV-infected children are at higher risk of opportunistic infections that could result in hospitalisation. The outcomes of hospitalisation are variable and depend on the admission diagnosis, the patients’ immune ...
Qualitative exploration of perceivedbenefits of care and barriers influencingHIV care in trans Nzoia, Kenya

Naanyu, V.; Ruff, J.; Goodrich, S.; Spira, T.; Bateganya, M.; Toroitich-Ruto, C.; Otieno-Nyunya, B.; Siika, A. M.; Wools-Kaloustian, K. (BMC Health services research, 2020)

Background:Substantial efforts have been made to ensure people living with HIV (PLHIV) are linked to and retained in care but many challenges deter care utilization. We report perceived benefits of seeking HIV care and ...
Therapeutic turnaround times for common laboratory tests in a tertiary hospital in Kenya

Mwogi, Thomas; Mercer, Tim; Tonui, Ronald; Tylleskar, Thorkild; Were, Martin C. (PlosOne, 2020)

Access to efficient laboratory services is critical to patient care. Turnaround Time (TAT) is one of the most important measures when judging the efficiency of any laboratory and care system. Few studies on TAT exist for ...
Clinical presentation and diagnosis of adult patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Sub-Saharan Africa

Mezger, Nikolaus C. S.; Feuchtner, Jana; Griesel, Mirko; Tadesse, Fisihatsion; Buziba, Nathan G. (Wiley, 2020)

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the sixth most common cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Comprehensive diagnostics of NHL are essential for effective treatment. Our objective was to assess the frequency of NHL sub-types, ...
Implementation of an Ultraviolet Phototherapy Service at a National Referral Hospital in Western Kenya: Reflections on Challenges and Lessons Learned

Mungai, Margaret; Ly, Karen; Chang, Aileen Y.; Kiprono, Samson K.; Jose, Margareth; Smith, Mary Patricia (Dermatology and therapy volume, 2020)

Introduction: In order to manage skin conditions at a national referral hospital level in Kenya, specialized dermatology services, such as dermatologic surgery, dermatopathology, phototherapy, and sub-specialty care, should ...

Now showing items 1761-1780 of 2401

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