dc.description.abstract |
Objective. To review available literature on the prevalence, risk factors, , and clinical outcomes of dysglycemia
among people living with (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods. Database search on PUBMED for eligible
studies describing the prevalence, risk factors, pathophysiology, or clinical outcomes of dysglycemia in SSA PLHIV. Results.
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-DM among SSA PLHIV ranged from 1% to 26% and 19% to 47%, respectively,
in 15 identified studies. Older age and an elevated body mass index (BMI) were common risk factors for dysglycemia. Risk
factors potentially more specific to PLHIV in SSA included exposure to older-generation thymidine analogues or protease
inhibitors, malnutrition at ART initiation, a failure to gain fat mass on treatment, and elevated serum lipids. There is
evidence of higher nephropathy and neuropathy rates among PLHIV in SSA with comorbid DM compared to HIV-negative
individuals with DM. Conclusion. There is a need for longitudinal studies to enhance understanding of the risk factors for
dysglycemia among PLHIV in SSA, further research into optimal therapies to reduce pre-DM progression to DM among SSA
PLHIV, and studies of the burden and phenotype of diabetic complications and other health outcomes among PLHIV with
comorbid DM in SSA. |
en_US |