Abstract:
Medical records of pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV and their infants attending a large referral facility in
Kenya from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed to identify characteristics associated with retention in care and viral suppression.
Women were stratifed based on the timing of HIV care enrollment: known HIV-positive (KHP; enrolled pre-pregnancy)
and newly HIV-positive (NHP; enrolled during pregnancy). Associations with retention at 18 months postpartum and viral
suppression (<1000 copies/mL) were determined. Among 856 women (20% NHP), retention was 83% for KHPs and 53%
for NHPs. Viral suppression was 88% for KHPs and 93% for NHPs, but 19% of women were missing viral load results.
In a competing risk model, viral suppression increased by 18% for each additional year of age but was not associated with
other factors. Overall, 1.9% of 698 infants with ≥1 HIV test result were HIV-positive. Tailored interventions are needed
to promote retention and viral load testing, particularly for NHPs, in the PMTCT continuum.