Abstract:
Background: Major Depression is the presence of sadness, empty or irritable mood, accompanied by somatic and cognitive
changes. It is often unrecognized and untreated among patients with breast cancer, which causes amplification of physical
symptoms, increased functional impairment, and poor treatment outcome. Factors associated with having depression among
patients with breast cancer include age at diagnosis, tumor stage, surgery, and chemotherapy. There is limited data on
depression among patients with breast cancer at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH).
Objective: To determine the factors associated with depression among patients with breast cancer at MTRH.
Methods: A cross-sectional study, in which Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was used to diagnose and measure the
severity of depression. A researcher-designed questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic and clinical information.
The study was done at the breast cancer clinic, medical and surgical wards of MTRH, in which seventy-nine random consenting
patients were interviewed from January to December 2017. Descriptive statistics were used for continuous data and categorical
data. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to measuring for associations. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression
was used to measure an independent association.
Results: A total of seventy-nine patients were interviewed, 98% of them were females. The mean age was 40±7.8 years. The
prevalence of depression among patients with breast cancer was 59.5%. Those who were employed were 3 times more likely to
have depression compared to the unemployed (AOR=3.7, 95% CI: 1.07, 17.27; p=0.047). Patients on neo-adjuvant and palliative
therapy were 9 times more likely to have depression (AOR=9.43, 95% CI: 1.5, 185.32; p=0.044 and AOR=9.5, 95% CI: 1.62,
181.81; p=0.039) respectively than those on adjuvant therapy. Patients with late-stage breast cancer had 61% increased odds
of having depression (AOR=1.61, 95% CI: 0.63, 4.17; p=0.319) than patients with early-stage breast cancer.
Conclusion: Being employed, the use of chemotherapy, and the late stage of cancer were significantly associated with having
depression.