Association of oral microbial community dysbiosis and dental disorders among pregnant woman attending Gatanga Health Center, Kigali, Rwanda

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association with the oral microbial community derangement and dental disorders during pregnant. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 pregnant women were selected, of the 60 women, 30 pregnant women had dental disorders, and the remaining 30 did not have dental disorders (control group). The oral swab samples were collected from the women during a routine clinic visit. Samples were transported to INES Ruhengeri Clinical Microbiology Laboratory for microbial identification analysis. Chi-square test (x 2 ) was used to test association with oral microbial community imbalance and dental disorders. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22. Results: Yeast was the most isolated microorganism among both groups of women and stood at 100% and 80%, respectively. The oral microbial community derangement was statistically significant (x 2 =52.93, P < 0.00001) to contribute to dental disorders among pregnant women. For single microorganism derangement, Staphylococcus aureus (x 2 = 5, P = 0.025347), Enterobacter spp. (x 2 =7.4, P = 0.006522), and Staphylococcus spp. (x 2 = 30, P < 0.00001) were statistically significant to contribute to dental disorders. Conclusion: Pregnancy leads to oral microbiota dysbiosis which is a risk factor for dental disorders among pregnant women. Women should seek dental consultation during pregnancy for early detection and management of dental disorders