| dc.description.abstract |
Energetic particles, originating from galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), solar energetic particles (SEPs), and trapped
radiation belt populations, play a crucial role in shaping planetary environments. These high-energy protons,
electrons, and heavy ions traverse the heliosphere, interact with interplanetary magnetic fields, and produce
complex cascades when colliding with Earth’s atmosphere. This paper combines theoretical modeling, Monte
Carlo–inspired GEANT4-like yield tables, and simulation of Bethe–Bloch stopping power to investigate
energetic particle propagation, atmospheric ionization, and implications for space weather. Our findings reveal
that density-effect corrections and shell corrections significantly alter proton energy loss curves, while
GEANT4-like lookup yields realistic ionization profiles vs altitude. These results advance predictive models of
radiation hazards, ionospheric variability, and space weather event |
en_US |