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http://ir.mu.ac.ke:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/9227
Title: | Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans and mosquitoes influence natural Anopheline biting behavior and transmission |
Authors: | Markwalter, Christine F. Lapp, Zena Abel, Lucy Kimachas, Emmah Omollo, Evans Freedman, Elizabeth Chepkwony, Tabitha Amunga, Mark McCormick, Tyler Bérubé, Sophie Mangeni, Judith N. Wesolowski, Amy Obala, Andrew A. Taylor, Steve M. O’Meara, Wendy Prudhomme |
Keywords: | Plasmodium falciparum infection |
Issue Date: | May-2024 |
Publisher: | Springer |
Abstract: | The human infectious reservoir of Plasmodium falciparum is governed by transmission efficiency during vector-human contact and mosquito biting preferences. Understanding biting bias in a natural setting can help target interventions to interrupt transmission. In a 15-month cohort in western Kenya, we detected P. falciparum in indoor-resting Anopheles and human blood samples by qPCR and matched mosquito bloodmeals to cohort participants using short-tandem repeat genotyping. Using risk factor analyses and discrete choice models, we assessed mosquito biting behavior with respect to parasite transmission. Biting was highly unequal; 20% of people received 86% of bites. Biting rates were higher on males (biting rate ratio (BRR): 1.68; CI: 1.28–2.19), children 5–15 years (BRR: 1.49; CI: 1.13–1.98), and P. falciparuminfected individuals (BRR: 1.25; CI: 1.01–1.55). In aggregate, P. falciparuminfected school-age (5–15 years) boys accounted for 50% of bites potentially leading to onward transmission and had an entomological inoculation rate 6.4x higher than any other group. Additionally, infectious mosquitoes were nearly 3x more likely than non-infectious mosquitoes to bite P. falciparuminfected individuals (relative risk ratio 2.76, 95% CI 1.65–4.61). Thus, persistent P. falciparum transmission was characterized by disproportionate onward transmission from school-age boys and by the preference of infected mosquitoes to feed upon infected people. |
URI: | http://ir.mu.ac.ke:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/9227 |
Appears in Collections: | School of Medicine |
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Plasmodium_falciparum_infection_in_humans_and_mosq (2).pdf | 1.02 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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