Risk assessment of aflatoxin and fumonisin in fish feeds, Kenya a review.

Abstract

Fish is a protein source and constitutes other significant nutrients that have been crucial to human health. Aquaculture in Kenya has grown faster than any other food production sector, with fish feeds being prepared from different cereal products commonly contaminated by Mycotoxins. But controlling the growth of fungi that cause mycotoxin has been a challenge due to conditions that enable their development. With fish contamination primarily ignored, there is still high consumption of fish being propagated by improved and increased aquacultural activities. There have been various qualitative and quantitative assessments on Aflatoxin and Fumonisin in animal feed and food with little focus on fish feed which might be the most significant risk factor for cancer development. Kenya's high occurrence warranted the current review, which describes sources of fish feeds, conditions for mould growth, exposure of fish too contaminated feeds, decontamination of fish feed and feed ingredients, effects of Fumonisin and Aflatoxin on fish and human, risk characterization and management strategies. This review provides a platform and insights to novice researchers to pave the way for future research in the area