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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Mugo, Nelly R. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Heffron, Renee | - |
dc.contributor.author | Donnell, Deborah | - |
dc.contributor.author | Wald, Anna | - |
dc.contributor.author | Were, Edwin O. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Rees, Helen | - |
dc.contributor.author | Celum, Connie | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kiarie, James N. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Cohen, Craig R. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kayintekore, Kayitesi | - |
dc.contributor.author | Baeten, Jared M. | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-12T08:02:26Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-07-12T08:02:26Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834a9338 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://ir.mu.ac.ke:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/4826 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Background Physiologic and behavioral changes during pregnancy may alter HIV-1 susceptibility and infectiousness. Prospective studies exploring pregnancy and HIV-1 acquisition risk in women have found inconsistent results. No study has explored the effect of pregnancy on HIV-1 transmission risk from HIV-1 infected women to male partners. Methods In a prospective study of African HIV-1 serodiscordant couples, we evaluated the relationship between pregnancy and the risk of 1) HIV-1 acquisition among women and 2) HIV-1 transmission from women to men. Results 3321 HIV-1 serodiscordant couples were enrolled, 1085 (32.7%) with HIV-1 susceptible female partners and 2236 (67.3%) with susceptible male partners. HIV-1 incidence in women was 7.35 versus 3.01 per 100 person-years during pregnant and non-pregnant periods (hazard ratio [HR] 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–4.09). This effect was attenuated and not statistically significant after adjusting for sexual behavior and other confounding factors (adjusted HR 1.71, 95% CI 0.93–3.12). HIV-1 incidence in male partners of infected women was 3.46 versus 1.58 per 100 person-years when their partners were pregnant versus not pregnant (HR 2.31, 95% CI 1.22–4.39). This effect was not attenuated in adjusted analysis (adjusted HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.26–4.85). Conclusions HIV-1 risk increased two-fold during pregnancy. Elevated risk of HIV-1 acquisition in pregnant women appeared in part to be explained by behavioral and other factors. This is the first study to show pregnancy increased the risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission, which may reflect biological changes of pregnancy that could increase HIV-1 infectiousness. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | NIH Public Access | en_US |
dc.subject | HIV-1 transmission | en_US |
dc.subject | Serodiscordant couples | en_US |
dc.title | Increased risk of HIV-1 transmission in pregnancy: a prospective study among African HIV-1 serodiscordant couples | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
Appears in Collections: | School of Medicine |
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