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Issue Date	Title	Author(s)
2012	Self-report of sexual behavior among adolescents is notoriously inconsistent, yet such measures are commonly used as outcomes for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention interven- tion trials. There has been a growing interest in the use of HIV and other sexually transmitted disease bio- markers as more valid measures of intervention impact in high HIV prevalence areas, particularly in sub- Saharan Africa. We examine the challenges, benefits, and feasibility of including HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) biomarker data, with details about different data collection and disclosure methods from two adolescent prevention trials in Kenya and Zimbabwe. In Kenya, whole blood samples were collected using venipuncture; adult guardians were present during biomarker procedures and test results were disclosed to participants and their guardians. In contrast, in Zimbabwe, samples were collected using finger pricks for dried blood spots (DBS); guardians were not present during biomarker procedures, and results were not disclosed to participants and/or their guardians. In both countries, prevalence in the study samples was low. Although the standard of care for testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infec- tions includes disclosure in the presence of a guardian for adolescents under age 18, we conclude that more research about the risks and benefits of disclosure to adolescents in the context of a clinical trial is needed. Notably, current serological diagnosis for HSV-2 has a low positive predictive value when prevalence is low, resulting in an unacceptable proportion of false positives and serious concerns about disclosing test results to adolescents within a trial. We also conclude that the DBS approach is more convenient and efficient than venipuncture for field research, although both approaches are feasible.	Mbai, Isabella I; Itindi, Janet
2014	Use of HIV and HSV-2 biomarkers in Sub-Saharan adolescent prevention research: a comparison of two approaches	Luseno, Winnie K.; Mbai, Isabella; Milimo, Benson
2011	Keeping Adolescent Orphans in school to prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial in Kenya	Mbai, Isabella I; Itindi, Janet; Milimo, Benson W
2017-05-27	Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised …	mabeya, Hillary
2011-05-27	Stillbirths: the vision for 2020	Mabeya, Hillary; L Goldenberg, Robert; M McClure, Elizabeth
2013-12	A combined community-and facility-based approach to improve pregnancy outcomes in low-resource settings: a Global Network cluster randomized trial	Pasha, Omrana; M McClure, Elizabeth; L Wright, Linda; Esamai, Fabian
2018-06-01	Determinants of breast cancer early detection for cues to expanded control and care: the lived experiences among women from Western Kenya	Kisiangani, Joyce; Baliddawa, Joyce; Marinda, Pamela; Mabeya, Hillary; Choge, Joseph K; Onyango Adino, Eric; Khayeka-Wandabwa, Christopher
2014-12	First look: a cluster-randomized trial of ultrasound to improve pregnancy outcomes in low income country settings	Esamai, Fabian; Garces, Ana; Saleem, Sarah; O Nathan, Robert
2017-03-09	A prospective study of maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in the setting of cesarean section in low- and middle-income countries	Margo S, Harrison; Omrana, Pasha; Saleem, Sarah; Esamai, Fabian
2016-08-15	A pre-post study of a multi-country scale up of resuscitation training of facility birth attendants: does Helping Babies Breathe training save lives?	M. Bellad, Roopa; Goco, Norman; Esamai, Fabian
2014	An investigation into the perceptions and preferences of birth positions in a Kenyan referral hospital	Mwanzia, Lydia
2016-11	Development and validation of a rapid assessment tool for malaria prevention	Mangeni, Judith Nekesa; Menya, Diana; O’Meara, Wendy Prudhomme
2016-09	The implementation of a Neonatal Nurse Training Program at the Riley Mother Baby hospital of Kenya	Songok, Julia
2017-06	Infertility in Africa: A great manifestation of gender discrimination	Chelagat, Dinah; Kerama, Emily Choge; Morogo, Wilson; Ayieko, Bilha M.
2017-04	Factors influencing the occurrence of Diarrhea in children under five years in Chewoyet Sub-Location, Kapenguria Municipality, West Pokot County, Kenya.	Ndwiga, Taratisio; Wanyonyi, Andrew
2016-07	Assessment of uptake of free Maternity services among Women visiting Kisumu East District Hospital, Kisumu County, Kenya	Chepkemoi, Judy; Ndwiga, Taratisio
2017	Factors associated with Schistosomiasis control measures in Mwaluphamba Location, Kwale County, Kenya	Ahmad, Juma; Arthur Ng’etich, K.S.; Naanyu, Violet; Mwangi, Ann; C. Kirinyet1, Ruth
2017-08	Indication and outcomes of Caesaerian section at Moi Teaching & Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya	Kagoni, Sarah Esendi; Mwangi, Anne; Chelagat, Dinah