In-vitro antimalarial activity of lantana camara isolates on chloroquine resistant (W-2) plasmodium fatciparum parasite clones.

Abstract

Bioassay guided chromatographic separation of the methanol extract of Lantana camara, which is used by the Luo community in Nyanza Province of Kenya to control malaria, led to the isolation of four pure compounds; 34, 35, 36 and 37. A graphical and regression analysis done by spss database on larval mean mortality at different concentrations showed that compound 34 had a high antilarval activity of LC50 = 45.05ppm against the Anopheles gambiae larvae. The same compound showed an antiplamodial activity of IC50 = 21.79 ± 0.59Ilg/ml as well as a harmonious drug interaction of synergism when combined with Artemisinin against the Chloroquine resistant (W -2) Plasmodium falciparum parasite clones when subjected to GraFit database. However, the crude methanol extract showed a higher activity against both the An. Gambiae larvae and P. falciparum parasite clones. The structure of compound 34 aided by IR, IH-NMR and 13 C_NMR pectra revealed it as 22~- [(S)-2-Methylbutenoyloxy] -3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid.