DSpace Collection:

Effect of Terms of Service on Career Development in the County Government of Kajiado, Kenya

2026-09-23T13:18:01Z

Title: Effect of Terms of Service on Career Development in the County Government of Kajiado, Kenya Authors: Tapatayia, Lynet; Kwonyike, Joshua; Limo, Patrick Abstract: Employees are major assets of any organization; they play an active role towards Company as well County Governments success and therefore, effective training becomes imperative in order to maximize the job performance. The absence of career development structures can lead to reduced motivation, productivity, and job satisfaction among employees in the workplace. The purpose of these study therefore was to determine the effect of terms of service on career development in the County Government of Kajiado, Kenya. The study was guided by Super’s Theory of Career Development. This study adopted explanatory research design. The target population for the study was 349 respondents. The sample size was 186 respondents. Stratified random sampling was used to select the respondents to participate in the study. The study used questionnaires to collect data. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics was frequency, percentages, means and standard deviations. Inferential statistic was simple linear regression model. The study findings showed that terms of services had a positive and significant effect on career development (?= ? .523=., p=0.000<0.05). The study concluded that there was a positive and significant effect of terms of services on career development. The importance of clear career paths, progression opportunities, and fair compensation was highlighted, emphasizing the role of well-crafted terms of service in fostering a conducive environment for professional growth. The study recommended that conduct a thorough review of existing terms of service to identify and address any elements hindering career development in the County Government of Kajiado and establish transparent and easily understandable terms to promote clarity and reduce ambiguity.

Moderating effect of Institutional pressures on the relation between entrepreneurial orientation and sustainability performance of youth Entreprises in Kenya

2026-09-23T13:00:50Z

Title: Moderating effect of Institutional pressures on the relation between entrepreneurial orientation and sustainability performance of youth Entreprises in Kenya Authors: Mwadime, Shadrack M.; Cheboi, Josphat; Cheboi, Josphat Abstract: Youth business initiatives are important contributors to social and economic growth, particularly in developing countries like Kenya. However, their performance in sustainability is subject to both internal strategic orientations and external institutional contexts. This research analyses the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on the sustainability performance of youth enterprises in Taita Taveta, Kenya, while assessing the moderating effect of institutional pressures, particularly the coercive, normative, and mimetic roles. Given the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) model of performance sustainability, whilst the entrepreneurial orientation is assessed in the scope of the sustainable performance of youth enterprises in Taita Taveta, Kenya, concerning the aspects of innovation, proactiveness and risk, autonomy and competitive aggressiveness, the performance is conceived social, economic and environmentally. On the other hand, institutional pressures are considered external factors that may either enhance or limit the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on sustainability performance. This study is based on the positivist philosophy with a deductive reasoning, explanatory research design, and quantitative methodology. The study aims to capture the cause-and-effect relationships. The focus was on the population of 524 youth members from 262 registered youth enterprise groups that fall under the Youth Enterprise Development Fund. Using Yamane’s formula, a sample of 356 was decided, and 303 questionnaires were valid. That gives an 85% response rate. The data was collected using structured, closed-end questionnaires and was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, correlations, multiple regressions, and the PROCESS macro for moderation analysis. There is a strong positive impact of entrepreneurial orientation on sustainability performance. The direct impact of the institutional pressures is positive. From the moderation analysis, it was noted that institutional pressures lower the positive impact of EO on sustainability performance. Theoretically, the paper shows that the sustainability performance of youth enterprises is influenced by the internal entrepreneurial orientation and external institutional contexts, expanding the TBL framework to developing countries. Practically, it proposes that youth enterprise managers and policymakers can improve sustainability performances by managing regulatory requirements and entrepreneurial activities. This framework provides guidance for enterprises to improve the disposal of resources to achieve sustainable development even within the limitations of institutional frameworks, thereby aligning with socio-economic development and the UN SDGs.

Financial self-Efficacy and saving behaviour of Kenyan University Staff: The mediating role of financial well-being

2026-09-23T07:50:57Z

Title: Financial self-Efficacy and saving behaviour of Kenyan University Staff: The mediating role of financial well-being Authors: Moi, Dennis Kiplangat; Maket, Lydia Jeptoo Abstract: The purpose of the current paper is to explore the effect of financial self-efficacy on saving behaviour among university staff in Kenya. In addition, the paper endeavoured to examine the mediating role of financial well-being between financial self-efficacy and saving behaviour. Our study deemed the bi-directional nature of the attributes of these financial capabilities in real life context. To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the study was anchored on social cognitive theory and subjective well-being theory. The study targeted university employees drawn from eight public universities in Western Kenya based on the geographical location. The paper adopts a survey by questionnaire method to gather data from 350 university employees through stratified and simple random sampling techniques. The hypotheses were tested using PROCESS 4.2 (Model 4). This study found a positive relationship between financial self-efficacy and saving behaviour (β = 0.4149, p < 0.05). Furthermore, financial well-being partially mediates the relationship between financial self-efficacy and saving behaviour (β = 0.2406, p < 0.05), Thus, our study demonstrates that there is both a direct and indirect relationship between financial self-efficacy and saving behaviour through financial well-being. Given the current economic challenges, understanding how university employees manage their finances with a saving mindset has become a critical concern for institutions. As a result, university leaders need to provide professional avenues through which their employees can be encouraged to effectively manage their funds and save in order to improve their financial well-being. The findings of this study add to knowledge by giving significant evidence on the determinants of saving behaviour and financial well-being among university employees. The indirect mediation results provide new insights into theory and practice. This is critical to learning about the idea of financial well-being and addressing empirical and practical gaps in academic settings.

Strategic Orientation and Stock Level Distribution at Totalenergies Service Stations in Nairobi, Kenya: The Moderating Role of Environmental Conditions

2026-09-22T06:55:47Z

Title: Strategic Orientation and Stock Level Distribution at Totalenergies Service Stations in Nairobi, Kenya: The Moderating Role of Environmental Conditions Authors: Cherop, Felishana; Nzuki, Irene Kavata; Boit, Rose Abstract: Reliable stock level distribution is critical in petroleum retail because product availability must be maintained despite demand variability, supply interruptions, price movements, regulatory requirements, and infrastructure constraints. This study examined the influence of strategic intent, strategic innovation, market orientation, and customer orientation on stock level distribution at TotalEnergies service stations in Nairobi, Kenya, and assessed whether environmental conditions moderate those relationships. An explanatory survey design was adopted. The target population comprised 178 directors, managers, and supervisors drawn from 53 service stations, and a census approach was used. A total of 158 usable questionnaires were analyzed, equivalent to 88.8% of the census target. Data were collected using a structured five-point Likert questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, multiple regression, and hierarchical regression. The direct-effects model was statistically significant, F(4, 153) = 70.382, p < .001, and explained 64.8% of the variance in stock level distribution (R² = .648; adjusted R² = .639). Customer orientation was the strongest direct predictor (β = .433, p < .001), followed by market orientation (β = .359, p < .001), while strategic intent (β = .084, p = .023) and strategic innovation (β = .033, p = .004) were also significant. Hierarchical analysis showed progressive gains in explanatory power when environmental conditions and interaction terms were incorporated, with the final model reporting R² = .239 and significant incremental changes. The results further reported significant moderation for strategic intent, strategic innovation, market orientation, and customer orientation. The study concludes that petroleum stock distribution is shaped not only by internal strategic posture but also by the environmental conditions under which strategic choices are implemented. Managers should therefore combine customer- and market-responsive stock planning with strategic innovation, long-term direction, environmental scanning, and contingency planning